Running Head: Reframing Non-informational Matters

Reframing Non-enlightening MattersOther than her prompt counsels or the bureau individuals the senator should look for guidance from a criminology master, nearby chairmen, examiners and law implementation officials. Her team ought to contain the accompanying nominees; the head administrator who will supervise all the exercises of the team is running easily and report to her. A Criminology expert who will exhort on wrongdoing decrease, anticipation and stop. Government investigators, nearby heads who will assemble individuals and work them out of wrongdoing during meeting and the law authorization officials and the operational staff in general.The language and representation she should use in her introduction to the people she would request to serve on the team ought to shift with the degree of administration and training however the message toward the day's end ought to be one. The top people in the team ought to be addressed in the even correspondence. They should look and consider the to be as their pioneer. They should make a solid effort to guarantee that the arrangement gets proficient and successful. The senator ought to anyway address the lower deputy in a gracious way and request their participation and backing to check wrongdoing in the network. This is on the grounds that the lower power men are the ones that interface as a general rule with the layman. One of the analogies she would utilize is anticipation is superior to fix. Her solicitation can be worded distinctively to every expected part however ought to draw out a similar importance to every one of them so that during their next gathering they would all be able to sign a similar tune .with similar objectives and destinations that is success.The representative ought to report her arrangement to general society in a basic and clear way. She ought to be persuading and ought to likewise bolster her arrangement to win general society into trusting it will work. Posing of inquiries to people in gener al and mentioning them to participate and help upgrade the arrangement to succesed.She ought to fluidly expand to the open the benefits of the arrangement on the off chance that it pulls through.Her preparation to the media ought to be short and definite direct. She should give the media a general outline of the arrangement and during the remainder of the instructions procedure she ought to be caught up with asking the media manner of speaking inquiries just as utilizing illustration to guard herself and the arrangement again from their accusions.Examples she would utilize; Don’t you imagine that this arrangement if fruitful it take out two targets with one shot. Do you need a wrongdoing free Utopia or not? Do you figure this arrangement will work out? A portion of the extreme inquiries she will get incorporate; why didn’t you pick another method of getting store? Who exhorted you on that technique madam representative? How much consumption will your named group use du ring planningâ â and execute activity of the arrangement. In what capacity will different countries respond to your assessment of diminishing criminal sentences and wouldn’t the criminal level increment because of this factor.One of the hindrances of correspondence concurring toâ (Stan S.,David .K., John .K, 2003 p85)  is refusal of data. For instance the message may struggle with our own convictions or qualities. This factor may influence the law authorization official who convictions that the criminal must be rebuffed however forestalling wrongdoing is new it may be overlooked by some causing the arrangement not to fill in as upheld to. Another obstruction is absence of inspiration or enthusiasm for conveying and enthusiasm for the message. The director for instance should be given a criticism of the advancement of the arrangement from the lower laborers. These messages are in a reminder structure. On the off chance that the updates become a lot of the supervisor may lose the enthusiasm to peruse them that way correspondence obstruction is created.Non-believability of the source. The police power in is known to be extremely degenerate in their everyday work. On the off chance that the police carry data to different individuals from the power for example the criminology master may not accept the message because of their absence of validity. This boundary is made. Utilization of complex channels of correspondence is another obstruction to powerful correspondence among the workforce. Significant data doesn't arrive at the modest laborers in light of the fact that the transmission procedure is slow.These hindrances can be defeated through the accompanying strategies. On account of absence of inspiration. The administrator would decision another type of correspondence like the fax machine which would give sound messages. This would inspire and intrigue him to comprehend what the individuals are stating. On account of non-validity of the source the d esignated law requirement officials ought to endeavor and avoid debasement and the gathering should likewise put down law to stop the indecencies. The absence of correspondence aptitude ought to be stayed away from by the people coming up short on the abilities experiencing a scholarly preparing, formal instruction ought to be given just as streetwise language educated. A less mind boggling correspondence channel ought to be made to take into account all individuals get to data quickly.The plan should initially be recorded on a bit of paper. It should then be attracted a chart to show how co-activity of and the work force in executing it. The arrangement should then be delivered into printed versions and given to the operational staff.Get one of the persuasive speakers with great correspondence skills.The expound the operational faculty indicating them the activity and how you want the activity to be finished. Talk unmistakably on the part to be played by each operational staff. Exp ound on the methods through which input is to be given to the supervisor as every individual attempts to accomplish the objectives and goals of the plan.The general obstructions to correspondence that will exist among team individuals and level of strategy producers, chairmen, center chiefs, down to the operational staff are: correspondence ability as they are of various instructive level, complex correspondence channel prompting helpless transmission of data. Poor hierarchical atmosphere is another hindrance that by and large influences the individual from levels achieving gossip.References;Kreps,G.Organizational Communication.2nd ed. New York: Longman, 1990.Farace, R.,Monge,P.and Russell, H.Communicating and Organizing.New York;Random House, 1977.

The American Flag And Its Growing Controversy Essays -

The American Flag And Its Growing Controversy The American Flag and its Growing Controversy Stage 1: Details The American banner, to many, is the image of life and freedom. Opportunity from abuse and the capacity to run one's own existence with insignificant government mediation is the thing that our nation battled for each one of those years back. The day after the SpanishAmerican War was pronounced, schools commanded the love of the banner (Kaminer). Things being what they are, the point at which the issue of consuming our extraordinary banner emerges, everybody ought to be against it, correct? All things considered, not actually. The principal correction of the Constitution expresses that American residents reserve the privilege to communicate through free discourse. Basically, consuming the American banner is discourse without exchange. Subsequently, as indicated by the Constitution, banner profaning is legitimate. Notwithstanding, banner protectionists won't surrender that simple. The fundamental contention encompassing this issue is whether a correction precluding banner consuming would encroach on our first revision rights. In 1989, the Supreme Court decided that banner befouling was secured under our first alteration rights. In 1995, an established correction that would have enabled Congress to boycott banner tainting was acquainted with the Senate and the House of Representatives (Kaminer). The alteration went through the House yet flopped in the Senate by a minor three votes. In February 1997, a comparative alteration was again acquainted with the Senate and the House Sell 2 Of Representatives (Kaminer). It additionally fizzled, however it shows the developing worry about the issue of banner consuming. Defenders of the banner contend that consuming an American banner resembles spitting despite America and its majority rules system. Then again, banner burners contend that under America's majority rules system, they were given the option to communicate openly. Clearly, this issue may never be settled with a positive result. A few contentions that banner burners have brought up in their own guard incorporate such things as having a banner guard sticker on a vehicle. They accept that on the off chance that they can't consume a banner since it is viewed as spoiling, at that point an old, blurred guard sticker ought to be viewed as defilement also (Apel). This raises an admirable sentiment. Who chooses where the line ought to be drawn among spoiling and energy? Stage 2: Obligations, Ideals, and Consequences As this issue keeps on being raised in our administration, the commitments for everybody included will keep on rising. Congress has the most significant commitment of all. They are committed to determine the issue, yet they are likewise committed to American residents in a manner that should be fair. Then again, residents are likewise committed to comprehend and regard the administration's choice. Not every person will be glad regardless of what choice is made, so we as a general public are committed to regard each other's perspectives and ethics. Beliefs assume a significant job in the issue of banner contamination. Goals fill in as the reason for activities. Clearly, social duty is a perfect that necessities to surface when an issue is managing the Constitution. In the event that a correction is ever added to the Sell 3 Constitution making despoiling of the banner illicit, people in general must be prepared to manage it, and tail it. Our administration, be that as it may, necessities to rehearse the perfect of reasonableness and respectability when such an issue is raised. They have to tune in to all sides and choose which strategy will add to everyone's benefit of the nation. After this issue is at long last settled, it will be fascinating to realize what results are embraced for banner consuming (considering it gets illicit). It will likewise be fascinating to discover where the line would be drawn for banner defilement. Who knows? I may be captured for wearing my banner swimsuit to the sea shore. Once more, our legislature must be set up to back up their choice, and that incorporates such results as managing protestors. Stage 3: Possible Courses of Action Going to a choice on this issue is going to require some investment. There will be a gathering, or gatherings that will feel like they have been cheated. All things considered, they have to understand that the administration is taking what they feel is the most ideal course

Impact Of Social Media On Business Commerce Essay

Effect Of Social Media On Business Commerce Essay Web based life or as it were New Media characterizes person to person communication locales like Facebook, Twitter, Flicker, Youtube alongside a lot more destinations that draw in clients to partake in,comment on and make content as methods for speaking with their social group,other clients and public.It can happen by means of a computer(like workstations and netbooks),tablets(like iPads,iTouch and others) and portable phones(smart phones).Social media in todays world has become a worldwide marvel. Internet based life in todays world is a piece of any business, no organizations can sell there items without the assistance of online networking in light of the fact that web based life is a mass correspondence media which takes the detail of value and cost of the item to the shoppers. Consequently internet based life causes the firm completely to acquire the benefit from the business . 1Agnihotri, Raj; Kothandaraman, Prabakar; Kashyap, Rajiv; Singh, Ramendra. (2012). effect of internet based life on business. Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management.â . 32 (16), p333-348. This article is fascinating, it gives helpful data about the historical backdrop of web based life and it clarifies how online life impacts business. It has helpful data about the effect of social on business In various fields of business. I will utilize this source in my last paper since it clarifies about various terms for instance deals the board, business knowledge, business arranging and some more. Besides, it clarifies how the organistaions accomplish objectives utilizing internet based life. Its a quickest developing procedure in business associations which outlines an objective in an associations. Anyway internet based life is a significant apparatus which discloses how to keep up errands in different fields like a sales rep to keep up an occupation in a superior manner to make a vocation esteem. This article is giving me various thoughts how the business is finished with the assistance of internet based life. As should be obvious this article has the basic focuses about the web based life advertising techniques, firms methodologies, business arranging and deals the executives. Dave Ray . (2010). The Positive Effects of Social Media. Available: http://www.searchengineisland.com/2012/05/beneficial outcomes of-web based life online.html. Last got to 28th oct 2012. This site clarifies about the positive effect of internet based life on business. It discloses how to utilize internet based life for future online business whatever it might be, an item or advertising which will deliver you profit toward the day's end. This site likewise gives data about how online networking has developed in the overall for the most part in business, as should be obvious these days no business runs without the assistance of internet based life. Anyway utilizing this webpage for my last paper will be progressively valuable since it call attention to how the business firms use organizing sites to stay in contact with clients, inspect the, and know there taste and inclination . Along these lines this site is giving me various thoughts and it explains about various systems administration social and business situated informal organization sites and it likewise illuminate how the organizations accomplish their objectives with the assistance of online life organizing sites ( for instance facebook, twitter and myspace) john souza. (2011).â social media highlights for a lift in business.Available: http://socialmediamarketinguniversity.com/10-musthave-internet based life highlights support business/. Last got to 28th oct 2012. I am accepting this site as my source since it gives me insight regarding web based life highlights which encourages the organizations to improve their business. It delineate about different internet based life sites like facebook, twitter, linkedin and youtube. For instance: facebook pages helps the venture in promoting their item on their pages which are loved by numerous individuals and at whatever point a product is preferred by a part it goes on his/her own profile along these lines the endeavor uninhibitedly publicized and it spares the expense of the ware. Just as in twitter, in the event that a record is moved up to proficient, at that point their will be numerous individuals to tweet you which implies more benefit for the firm. Along these lines I should utilize this source in my last article since it characterizes internet based life in a superior manner and it shows how the business firms make their brands name well known and how they make they benefit by utilizing web-based social networking system pages . Catherine Lovering. (2010). Negative Effects of Social Media on Business. Available: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-impacts web based life business-25682.html. Last got to 27th oct 2012 I am accepting this article as my hotspot for the last exposition , various articles clarifies various things as this clarifies me how internet based life makes issues for business firms . In nowadays no organization can utilize negative items as they are seen by media, provided that they do, media makes negative anecdotes about their items which makes a major issue for the organization and friends is broadcasted with the awful name in the market . Online networking is a major piece of the business ,web based life welcomes everybody to its locale representatives, works and shoppers . web based life makes trouble for the organizations to state about their brands that are negative, since clients are straightforwardly welcome to media and they would remark on the brands that abusive . In this manner, utilizing this article as a source in my last exposition will be increasingly useful then some other on the grounds that it brings up many negative subjects about social middle negative effects on business and how can it makes issue for organizations like discussing unapproved laborers for associations sake. Rodriguez, Michael; Peterson, Robert M.; Krishnan, Vijaykumar. . (2012). effect of online life on business. Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management.â . 32 (14), p365-378. In this article Michael, Robert and vijay kumar has clarified how the online life impact business firms. As indicated by Neilson company(2010), web-based social networking clients overall developed about 30 percent in 2010, from 244 million to almost 315 million clients. Research from Gartners customers innovation and markets bunches anticipated that worldwide spending via web-based networking media would add up to $14.9 billion in 2012(Gupta 2011) (content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp?EbscoContent ) In this manner, as the utilization of online networking rises, the cost of the item additionally rises and the client who are called lord of the market will in general change to its substitutes of that product which has the meriting cost as opposed to the ware that is publicize through methods for web-based social networking. This article has talked about the negative effects of web based life which says that as a result of online life numerous huge business firms loses its clients consistently for a wide range of reasons.

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 23

October 9, 1864 Iam shouldn't show at least a bit of kindness. A shot experienced it about three weeks prior, and no blood of my own will ever siphon through it again. The main blood that currently flows through my veins is that of whomever I happen to assault. But something about Callie makes my dead heart shudder and the taken blood to revive in my body. Is it genuine? Or on the other hand is it a minor memory of something that used to be? Damon once revealed to me that on the combat zone, young men who'd experienced removals despite everything woke up to anguishing torment in their legs or sobbed for the hand that throbbed, however those appendages were no longer piece of them. Yet, while those young men had ghost appendages, it appears I have an apparition heart. In my brief timeframe in New Orleans, I've found out about my Power. It's what has driven me, what I've blossomed with, what makes me a vampire. However, that is not by any means the only force I have. The other kind isn't energizing, or exciting, or perilous. It's ordinary and tediousâ€the practicing of command over my Power. I've needed to figure out how to smother my desires to fit in and to stay with Lexi. However when I was with Callie at the show, it was just as my two forces were experiencing some miscommunication, each taking steps to obliterate the other in a private fight in my cerebrum. Presently she enters my considerations continually. The group of stars of spots on her skin. Her long eyelashes. Her energetic grin. I can't resist the urge to respect the manner in which she uses her own capacity. How she orders the consideration and regard of her dad's representatives, yet in addition how she becomes delicate around me, snuggling close when she thinks nobody is looking. I think about my hand intertwined with hers. Furthermore, every time a picture of Callie buoys to my cognizance, I revile myself. I ought to be more grounded than this. I shouldn't think about her. I should forget about her, discount her as a senseless young lady who is fortunate I'm allowing her to live. Be that as it may, where it counts, in spite of my Power, I know Callie has authority over meâ€and my apparition heart. The following morning, I came back to the monstrosity appear, with just a single thing at the forefront of my thoughts: liberating Damon. â€Å"Hello, friend!† the resilient man, Arnold, welcomed me as I strolled through the portal to the carnival. â€Å"Hello,† I murmured. The inked lady came up behind him and looked at me curiously. Without her India-inked structures, she was very lovely, with high cheekbones and wide, curious eyes. â€Å"What are you doing here?† I snorted accordingly. â€Å"Youll need to apologize to Callie.† She pointed along the edge of the tent. So Callie had just revealed to her companions about our unfortunate night. Similarly as I had dreaded. I strolled around the grounds until I saw Callie bowing over a bit of birch wood at her feet. Paint splattered her overalls, and her red hair was turned on her head and held set up by a solitary, thin, since quite a while ago dealt with paintbrush. The sign stated: A PENNY A PEEK: A REAL, LIVE, HUNGRY VAMPIRE. ENTER IF YOU DARE! Underneath was a rough drawing of a vampire: teeth extended, eyes squinting, blood streaming down the two sides of his mouth. The highlights were Damons, however it was clear Callie had drawn critical masterful motivation from the vaudeville show the previous evening. Callie looked into, finding me gazing. Her mouth made a round O, and she dropped her brush onto the canvas. A huge dark spot abruptly showed up on Damons face. â€Å"Look what you made me do,† she said furiously. I put my hands in my pockets, inconspicuously sniffing the air for hints of Damon. â€Å"Im sorry.† Callie murmured in disturbance. â€Å"I dont need your expressions of remorse. I simply need you to quit diverting me so I can get some work done.† â€Å"Do you need me to assist you with fixing the painting?† The words were out of my mouth before I could stop them. They hung between us for a long second, the two of us apparently amazed by my offer. â€Å"Fix the painting?† Callie resounded, putting her hands on her hips. â€Å"Am I hearing you accurately? Fix thepainting?† â€Å"Yes?† I mishandled. â€Å"Are you mindful that you left me the previous evening to return home alone, with no explanation?† Her jaw was stuck out, and her position was forceful, yet her lower lip wobbled, and I could tell she was harmed. â€Å"Callie,† I started. Reasons flew through my head.I work for your dad. We ought not sneak around. You're only a young lady, and I'm a vampire Even however some portion of me was incensed at her for permitting her dad to march Damon around like domesticated animals, to let him battle maybe may, other endure until the very end realized that she had as meager influence over her dad as Id had with mine. Furthermore, presently everything I could consider was making her lip quit wobbling. â€Å"Its better this way,† I stated, winding my ring around my finger. She shook her head and wounded the sharp wooden finish of the paintbrush into the soil. It stayed there, as though it were a minuscule acquiescence banner after a fight. â€Å"No clarification vital. Weve known each other seven days. You dont owe me a clarification. That is the best thing about outsiders: You dont owe them anything,† she said freshly. I shook out of sorts. A quiet hung between us. The picture of Damon glared up at me, apparently deriding my incapability. â€Å"Well, arent you going to get to work?† she inquired. â€Å"Or are we simply paying you to stand around?† Before I could go to leave, Jasper burst out of a little dark tent at the edge of the property. â€Å"We need some extra hands!† A thin man trailed behind him, supporting his lower arm away from plain view. Callie jumped to her feet. â€Å"What happened?† As the man held out his hand, blood streamed down his arm onto the ground. I deflected my eyes. All things considered, torment undulated along my jaw as I felt my teeth develop. â€Å"The vampires battling today. We need more men.† Jasper wheezed energetically, his eyes falling on me. â€Å"Stefan,† Callie said in a tone that wasnt an inquiry. Jasper and the stocky man gazed at me. â€Å"Well at that point, please, new person. Show us youre Gallagher material,† Jasper stated, snapping his jawline toward the tent. â€Å"Of course,† I said gradually, an arrangement shaping in my brain. I could choose four separate pulses in the tent. There would be bounteous measures of vervain, obviously, yet Id been taking care of consistently enough that I may have the option to beat the men. Four I could deal with, however five I went to Jasper. â€Å"Why dont you and Callie deal with your man here and Ill join the others in the tent?† â€Å"I'm coming, brother,† I included softly. Callie squinted at me. â€Å"Did you state something?† â€Å"No,† I said rapidly. Jasper moved from foot to foot, evaluating me with his eyes. â€Å"Callie will deal with Charley here, and Ill deal with you. Show you the stunts of beast wrangling,† he stated, applauding me on the back, pushing me toward the tent. With each progression the fragrance of vervain developed more grounded, turning sour the blood in my veins. Together, we entered the tent. The inside was hot and dim, the odor of vervain almost choking out me. It took each ounce of my quality not to twist at the midsection and shout in anguish. I constrained my eyes open and took a gander at my sibling, who was fastened in the corner. Four men yanked on his limitations, attempting urgently to keep him set up. The subsequent Damons eyes arrived on me, his face lit up. â€Å"Welcome to heck, brother,† Damon murmured, his lips scarcely moving as he stared at me. At that point he went to Jasper. â€Å"So, Jasp,† he stated, in a conversational tone, as though they were only two men occupied with an inviting talk at a bar, â€Å"you found another sap to accomplish your filthy work. Indeed, please, sibling. Lets check whether you can stake me.† â€Å"His bark is more awful than his bite,† Jasper stated, holding out a stake to me. From its smell I could tell it had been absorbed vervain. â€Å"Give me your gloves,† I said with a demeanor of power. Contacting the wood would part with me in a split second. â€Å"Wont give you much assurance. Those teeth can experience anything,† Jasper dissented. â€Å"Just offer them to me,† I said through held teeth. Damon watched the trade eagerly, obviously making the most of my problem. â€Å"Okay, if theyll make you progressively agreeable. † Jasper shrugged and gave me his cowhide gloves. I pulled them over my hands and took the stake from Jasper, my hands trembling marginally. How could something so light be so dangerous? Damon let out a low laugh. â€Å"Is this as well as could be expected stir up? He looks about prepared to bottom over.† I scowled at my sibling. â€Å"I'm attempting to spare you,† I murmured. Damon just grunted insultingly. â€Å"Please,† I included. â€Å"Please what?† he stated, folding the chains over his hands. â€Å"Please let me spare you.† â€Å"Sorry. Can't help you there,† he stated, before yanking on the chains. Two of the gatekeepers tumbled to the ground in shock. â€Å"Do something!† Jasper said abruptly. â€Å"Youve got the chance to stick him, let him know his place.† â€Å"Listen to your boss,† Damon sneered.†Be a man and wound me. A genuine man isn't anxious about blood, isn't that right?† Jasper bowed down and snatched a stake starting from the earliest stage. â€Å"Cmon, kid. Gain your keep,† he stated, utilizing the side of the stake to prod me forward. I wheezed. Agony shot here and there my skin, as though Id been moved by a hot poker. Damon giggled once more. The fold opened, and Callie jabbed her head through the tent. I looked fiercely over at her. â€Å"Callie, you shouldnt be here!† Both she and Damon took a gander at me curiously. A sickening inclination spread through my appendages. The vervain, the warmth, the stakes Only at that point, with a basic turn from his chains, Damon broke free and thrusted toward Callie. Callie screamed, and Jasper pigeon to shield her. Time appeared to stop, and

Methods of evaluating location alternatives Essay Example

Strategies for assessing area choices Essay Example Strategies for assessing area choices Essay Strategies for assessing area choices Essay Know your clients: Every business should know who your clients are, do you know them, a large portion of the associations feel that they know, however frequently they are incorrect. It is critical to comprehend who your clients are. It is critical to know your normal and successive clients and if the association knows who their continuous clients are, it will assist with distinguishing different zones that may have socioeconomics with comparable trademark. Before choosing another area for the business, Rotis the executives ought to consider on this factor. Exchange territory: Trade zones come in numerous shapes and sizes, so the association should realize what zone they plan to serve. Exchange regions are not in reality round, square, or rectangular, rather they as a rule reflect sporadic formed example. It relate to street or road design, it is changed by rivalry, physical and mental hindrances, and the segment of the neighborhood occupants and workers of the specific territory. So Rotis the board needs to consider which is the practical zone and can pull in more clients. Structure of the market: Every city, town, neighborhood, building, house has a structure and it is dictated by physical and mental boundaries. Financial trademark, road and motorway designs, modern and business fixations, kind of work, salary, age, geography, and different variables, and by recognizing these most significant advantages of the structure, Roti can generously improve the open door for progress. Segment territory: When associations select or look areas, they need to consider on the neighborhoods, supposing that you are taking assistance of the renting specialist or a land intermediary, they as a rule discard the populace numbers, or you may likewise be given a PC produced information posting the populace, families, age, and pay of the given region. The association ought to build up their own vibe for the market, they can likewise consider how much populace development is normal in certain timeframe. The most significant component isn't what number of individuals live in the populace territory, however it is somewhat who are the individuals, what are their ages and what is the salary. So every association ought to unmistakably investigate these realities. Availability: Access for the most part happens at three levels, so the associations need to break down these three levels. 1 whether there is simple access to the business area, 2 the entrance to the specific site and (3) in conclusion whether this entrance is by means of satisfactory check cuts, traffic signs or others, and if the entrance is poor it very well may be overwhelmed by notoriety or advancement, particularly when rivalry is at its pinnacle. Rotis the board need to consider whether there is a simple access for their clients and providers where they are going to re-find their café. Rivalry: Most of the associations in todays period feels that they are extraordinary, and some are, and some not. Along these lines, rivalry is a critical factor that an association ought to consider before picking an area. Association must decide rivalry and measure its significance. You should know the business, administration level, creation level of your rivals, and if the one don't realize answer to most importantly, how might they decide their own prosperity. Roti should know all the primary Indian eateries in the zone they will pick. They ought to likewise watch and research how clients are going to these cafés and at which hours. Perceivability Exposure: Here perceivability implies capacity to see or perceive the area, as its introduction is being seen and perceived over a significant stretch of time. Perceivability can make gigantic achievement and open doors for the business. Perceivability is the most significant factor that a café or any business ought to consider before choosing a specific area for you business. Cafés area is as significant as the food it serves. The executives of Roti ought to think about all the above variables before choosing another area to migrate their café. I will propose them that they should attempt to discover the area close to the business zone or office towers. The new area ought to be effectively available for the individuals and the providers and it very well may be handily reached by walk or drive. The new site ought to abstain from confronting another café in light of the fact that it might delude the clients to enter an inappropriate spot when they need to go to your eatery. The new area they will choose ought to be in the helpful zone, the transportation device and person on foot can pass it advantageously. The likewise need to consider the close by parking garage has enough space for your clients vehicles. They ought to likewise consider the area in notable eating territory, area close to the traffic intersection and the road name ought to be notable, since everyone will know when they pass by it regardless of vehicle driver or person on foot. Furthermore, when individuals feel hungry or they think the area is advantageous they will go to the café making the most of your place decisively. So in the nutshell we can say that the administration should state that they the area they will choose ought to be helpful, in notable zone, effectively available, in the bustling region, and enough parking spot. Strategies for assessing area options The choice where to find depends on a wide range of kinds of data and information sources. There are various models and strategies accessible which will assist association with organizing site data and that can be utilized as beginning stage for looking at changed areas. For Roti I have chosen the most well known technique the factor-rating strategy. Choices from this strategy won't be made dependent on these evaluations, however they will give a decent method to sort out and rank components. We con additionally think about it as a quantitative methodology.

Application Financial Analyses Example

Application Financial Analyses Example Application: Financial Analyses â€" Assignment Example > APPLICATION: FINANCIAL ANALYSES APPLICATION: FINANCIAL ANALYSES From the marketing arithmetic exercise calculations, increasing the retail and wholesale margins caused a drastic reduction in the manufacturer selling price. There is one major explanation that can be given to this situation. According to Star, Heskett Levitt (1974), manufacturer selling price has a direct effect on retail margin per unit and wholesale margin per unit. The effect is such that when the manufacturer’s selling price is high, both retail and wholesale margins go up so that the wholesalers and retailers will not run at a lost. By increasing the retail and wholesale margin per unit therefore, it was important for the manufacturer’s selling price to go down or else the manufacturer’s selling price would be so close to the retail price that both wholesalers and retailers would make virtually no profit. Having said this, it will also be valid to argue that while the retail and wholesale margin per unit were increased, if there had been an increase in the retail price, the manufacturer’s selling price would not have needed to go down before profits would be made. Manufacturing is commonly seen by many consumers as an end to a process they hardly care anything about. The manufacturer however does not see manufacturing this way, knowing that there are always several units that come together to ensure the success or accomplishment of a common manufacturing process. At the end of the manufacturing, the price of products is determined by putting together the cost of production as was recorded from each unit. From this perspective of defining cost of production, based on which the prices of finished products are determined, it is possible to define or explain what unit contribution is. Based on the analogy given already, the unit contribution can be explained as contribution margin that is made from each unit of production or manufacturing. This contribution of margin per unit is expected to determine how profitable each unit that comes under the production is. This is because some units would have higher weighing on the total cost of production t han others will (Star, Heskett Levitt, 1974). Like the manufacturer’s selling price, increasing the retail and wholesale margins per unit with a fixed retail price leads to a decrease in unit contribution. The reason to this phenomenon can be said to be very straight forward and directly reflected in the manufacturer’s selling price. This is because reduced unit contribution was seen to go with a reduced manufacturer’s selling price. The implication here is that until the unit contribution is lower, it will not be possible for there to be lower manufacturer’s selling price. This is because should unit contribution have been higher, the direct implication would have been that cost of production will be higher and so manufacturer’s selling price will also have been higher. But already, it has been explained as to why retail margin and wholesale margin per unit cannot be increased necessarily because manufacturer’s selling price is higher. For there to have been a possib le increase in unit contribution, it is expected that retail price would have also been adjusted upwards. Increasing the fixed cost factors causes an increase in the number of breakeven units. At the same time, the market share needed to break even also increases with increased fixed cost factors. The explanation to give to this is directly related to the behavior of the fixed cost factors. It would be noted that the fixed cost factors are static and constant. What this means is that they are always present as part of expenditure for production. As expenditure, the fixed cost factors can be said to be liabilities that take from the company’s revenue rather than adding to it (Perreault, Cannon McCarthy, 2014). Increasing such sources of liability therefore means that a lot of units need to be sold by the company in order to break even because the increase in fixed cost factors have created a greater gap of liability to cover. Meanwhile, companies need very commanding market shar e for them to be guaranteed of sale of units. It is for this reason that the breakeven market share also goes up in this situation. Reducing retail margin per unit increases profit impact but increasing brand market share and advertising budget can lead to increases in profit impact. It is important to stress however that the impact of increasing brand market share and advertising budget on profit impact is not constant but dependent on several other factors, including the extent to which marketers are able to translate the brand market share and advertising budgets into sale of units (Perreault, Cannon McCarthy, 2014). With the above point made, it can be said that retail margin per unit could conflict with both brand market share and advertising budget in terms of strategy for increasing the profit margin. Such conflict can come about if after the various investments the company makes into branding and advertisement, it pegs retail margin per unit in such a way that consumers find prices to be too high and so consumers refuse to patronize the products that have been branded and advertised. With this said the importance of ensuring that there is always a relationship between a company’s pricing strategy and its overall marketing strategy will be advocated (Perreault, Cannon McCarthy, 2014). References Perreault Jr. , W. D., Cannon, J. P., McCarthy, E. J. (2014). Basic marketing: A marketing strategy planning approach (19th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Star, S. H., Heskett, J. L., Levitt, T. (1974). Note on marketing arithmetic and related marketing terms. HBS Case. Retrieved from https: //cb. hbsp. harvard. edu/cb/pl/26533289/26825302/9ba63932f2ac76c16144f2c42775811f

Treatment plan Email - Free Essay Example

Research has shown that swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) affects nearly 5 million people in the United States. Some of the complications that come with the condition include dehydration, malnutrition, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and even death. Some of the methods that have been developed over time for the treatment of this disease involves swallowing exercises, taking manoeuvres and dietary restriction. Dysphagia affects around 22 percent of the people aged above 55 years. This situation can be quite hectic to the individuals since it inhibits them from enjoying the foods or beverages that they previously enjoyed. One of the methods of treatment for the condition that has been devised includes the application of the electrical current to peripheral tissue targets. This aims to strengthen the swallowing musculature and to stimulate the sensory pathways that are relevant to swallowing. Neuromuscular Electrical Transmission (NMES) is the external control of innervated, that is paretic or muscles by electrical stimulation of the corresponding intact peripheral nerves that can be applied to the resting muscles or superimposed on the voluntary muscle contractions. The contractions that are brought about by this method lead to the larger and more motor units than the voluntary contractions. This results into metabolic responses within muscle tissues which ultimately results in the increased strength. This method of treatment is usually administered intramuscularly or transcutaneously. Sensory NMES enhances swallowing by augmenting the visual signals.

Notes On Les Conservation Des Ressources - 1135 Words

Chapitre 1 : les pratiques courantes des ressources humaines : A. L’acquisition des ressources humaines 1) L’analyse des emplois L’analyse des emplois consiste à   rà ©unir, classifier et à ©valuer l’ensemble des donnà ©es relatives à   ce qu’effectuent les personnes affectà ©es vers des postes biens dà ©finis. 2) Le recrutement La dà ©marche de recrutement est un à ©là ©ment primordial de la gestion des ressources humaines car elle a des consà ©quences importantes sur l’efficacità © et la performance de l’entreprise Le recrutement vise à   accroà ®tre la capacità © de l’entreprise de rà ©pondre à   la demande et identifier les besoins prà ©sents et futurs de l’entreprise en ce qui concerne le recrutement avec la participation des responsables chargà ©e de la planification des ressources humaines et de l’analyse des besoins. Le mà ©canisme de recrutement est composà © d’un certain nombre des à ©tapes à   suivre afin d’obtenir un recrutement efficace : Figure 1 : les à ©tapes de recrutement. B. La conservation des ressources humaines 1) La rà ©munà ©ration La rà ©munà ©ration peut à ªtre dà ©finie comme l’ensemble des allocations monà ©taire ou en nature octroyà ©es au personnel en contre partie de son travail ou de son appartenance à   l’entreprise. Un bon systà ¨me de rà ©munà ©ration repose sur 4 crità ¨res à   savoir : Figure 2 : les crità ¨res d’un bon systà ¨me de rà ©munà ©ration. 2) La gestion des carrià ¨res La gestion des carrià ¨res est un acte qui appartient à   la gestion prà ©visionnelle, elle consiste à   planifier, organiser, mettre enShow MoreRelatedRà ©sumà © Le but de Goldratt23099 Words   |  93 Pages1- Biographie de l’auteur Conseiller en management de renommà ©e internationale. C’est avant tout un agitateur d’idà ©es. Pourfendeur des idà ©es reà §ues, il engage les dirigeants à   remettre en cause les pratiques et le mode de pensà ©e conventionnel qui font obstacles au progrà ¨s. ïÆ'Ëœ Bachelor of Science degree de Tel Aviv University ïÆ'Ëœ Masters of Science et Doctorate of Philosophy de Bar-Ilan University 1982 – Actionnaire principale d’une entreprise de dà ©veloppement de logiciel 1986 - fonde l Avraham

mao last dancer - 1031 Words

‘Non-fiction texts only deal with facts.’ Discuss the validity of this statement. In your essay response, you should discuss how composers of non-fiction texts present their point of view with specific reference to your non-fiction text. Autobiographies, as a narrative non-fiction text, generally rely on the conventions of factual historical evidence while presenting a personal point of view. Non-fiction texts therefore, rely on objective detail and a subjective perspective. Throughout the autobiography Mao’s Last Dancer the composer Li Cunxin offers a personal evaluation of actions and speculates on the significance of certain actions and events. To engage and entertain the responder the composer uses opinionative language and†¦show more content†¦The use of omission is brought to our attention at the start of the ‘afterword’. The fact that the author finishes writing on the page about a particular event which occurred in the distant past (being released from the Chinese Government). And then starts a new page erasing a whole stage out of his autobiography. â€Å"My new life with Elizabeth began like an East meets West fairy tale†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p308) simply reassures the readers that t he legitimacy of the text is not all true. What has happened in the release and the meeting of Elizabeth? The reader does not hear what her point of view is on the circumstances or what she thinks about it, such as why their marriage failed, â€Å"but it didn’t work out the way we both had hoped.† (p308) This merely gives the reader a one sided point of view. As we hear Li’s thoughts and emotions towards Elizabeth, the reader is manipulated into sympathizing with Li. Therefore Elizabeth is not given adequate characterization. â€Å"Our marriage eventually failed. We suffered greatly and I felt terribly alone in the world. I had no one to go to.† (p308) The use of this personal style makes this genre a subjective text. However, autobiographies do include factual detail and are not all subjective. In Mao’s Last Dancer, the author includes an appendix, which outlines the historical events mentioned in the book. These include reference map, a historical timeline of China in the 20thShow MoreRelatedMaos Last Dancer1250 Words   |  5 Pageswere told what to do, and what to say. Today I will be speaking to you about Mao’s Last Dancer, the film adaption of the autobiography of Li Cunxin. To begin with, I will speak about the Cultural Revolution in China, where the story is set. Li’s story took place during the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of China, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution. This revolution took place from 1966 to 1976, lead by Mao Zedong, who was the leader of the Communist Party of China at the time. The CulturalRead MoreMaos Last Dancer812 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The 2003 autobiography Mao s Last Dancer, by Li Cunxin, is a book that is open to interpretation. Overall, it is an interesting book that presents many different ideas and themes, including traditional Chinese culture and the comparison between East and West ideology. Mao s Last Dancer tells the tale of Li Cunxin, a Chinese dancer in the Houston Ballet, and his adventures. The book also includes various members of Li s family, his dance teachers at his ballet academy and the friends he makesRead MoreWriting : Mao s Last Dancer842 Words   |  4 Pageswrong Creative Writing – Mao’s Last Dancer Your task is to produce an imaginative writing piece based on the autobiographical text you have studied in class. It needs to demonstrate your understanding about the people in the text, conflicts the people have to deal with and the issues and values presented in the text. Statement of Intent Context- I will be taking on the persona of Li Cunxin writing to the Communist Party, based on the text, Mao’s Last Dancer. Purpose- To inform them of how confrontedRead MoreEssay on Crossing Boundaries- Maos Last Dancer1163 Words   |  5 PagesCrossing boundaries is pushing yourself past the limits. There are many people that cross various boundaries, whether it is a physical boundary, cultural boundary or a mental boundary. This is seen in the prescribed text, the film ‘Mao’s Last Dancer’ directed by Bruce Beresford. In this we see not only the main character Li cross boundaries but also, the minor characters, Ben and Teacher Chang. Crossing boundaries also heard in the Song ‘Love Story’ by Taylor swift. This song relates back to theRead MoreAnalysis of Ji-Li Jiang ´s The Red Scarf Girl Essay1094 Words   |  5 Pagescultural differences that are found between China and America. _____________________________________________________________________ Plot Summary Its 1996,and were in Shanghai,China.Anguish and rage is in the air.Why?Because 1996 is when Chairman Mao launched the Cultural Revolution,when intelligence became a crime and a wealthy family background invited persecution or worse.Ji-Li Jiang is 12-years-old.An outstanding student and leader in her school,she had everything a young girl could want:brainsRead MoreThe s Last Dancer And Kazuo Ishiguro s Fictional Never Let Me Go Essay1945 Words   |  8 PagesLi Cunxin’s autobiographical Mao’s Last Dancer and Kazuo Ishiguro’s fictional Never Let Me Go are two contemporary pieces of literature that explore the theme of identity. The underlying nature of identity itself is questioned in both texts with the Li and Ishiguro drawing attention to the importance of self-identity in today’s society. Both authors highlight the theme of identity through their portrayal of their characters living in hardship in their childhoods, defining themselves through the peo pleRead MoreComparing Gender Regime On China And India Essay2035 Words   |  9 Pagesalso look into their practices. Later I will discuss gender regime which has occurred in China pre Mao and post Mao and in India pre independence and today. After I will collaborate Gender Regime together in both countries. My paper will be focusing on some important matters, how to identify Gender regime? how it arose? And, how it is being implemented? Lastly, I will conclude my essay. Within the last two decades, Women’s lives and gender discourse has been impacted politically, economically, legallyRead MoreManipur Tourism1748 Words   |  7 Pagesserpent with a straight tail. The 29 tribes inhabiting Manipur hills may broadly be divided into Nagas and Kuki. It is not possible to make a clear –cut classification of the Naga group from the Kukis- the important Naga groups are Tangkhul, Kubuis and Mao. The Zemeis, the Liangmei, the Maram, the Thangal, the Maring, the Anal, the Moyon are also included under the Naga group. The Meities popularly known as Manipuris are a separate group having their own identity. The name Meitei has been derived fromRead MoreReading Lolita s Tehr A Memoir2307 Words   |  10 Pagesfocuses on Nafisi as a professor at the University of Tehran, and, (after her expulsion from there), the Allameh Tabatabai University. Nafisi begins telling her story by sharing with the reader a specific dream that finally came true for her in her last years of teaching in Iran: to hold a private literature workshop with a select group of dedicated female students. Over the course of the first section, Nafisi introduces us to the seven pupils in the group, recreating their discussions about twoRead MorePol Pots Legacy3612 Words   |  15 Pageslater to be known as Pol-Pot, was born on May 19th, 1925 in Prek Sbauv, Cambodia. He was born to a relatively wealthy landowner father, and a mother whom had connections to the royal court in Phnom Penh. (Templer, 1998) His sister and cousins were dancers of the royal ballet in Phnom Penh and being such gained them protection and a comfortable life from the king. At the age of six, Saloth Sar was sent to live with them and study in the more populated Phnom Penh. He was admitted to attend several French-language

Beowulf and Star Wars Comparison - 840 Words

Deep space and Ancient Warriors A literary symbol is something often an object that stands for a significant concept or series of ideas often a symbol is emblematic of the values of the characters. In the narrative Beowulf and the movie Star Wars, many aspects of symbolism are paralleled. In the movie Star Wars the most important examples are the Death Star, light sabers and the force. In Beowulf, some of the most important examples of symbolism are Grendels arm and head, the dragons treasure-trove Hrothgars mead-hall and Grendels cave. The mead-hall is both symbolism and a setting in the epic. The building is like a palace that towers high just as a cliff with horn shaped at the ends of the walls. It’s more than a home for the†¦show more content†¦They aren’t opposed to technology, however they do not rely on it alone, at the expense of their own senses and feelings. When Luke encounters Obi Wan Konbi and Yoda in their homes these Jedi masters live simple lives close to the land. When Luke has to destroy the Death Star with, Obi Wan Konbi voice tells him to rely only on his own senses, his intuition, and his connection to the Force. A contrast to the way of the Jedi is the behavior of their dark-side counterparts, the Sith. Darth Vader is more machine than man with robotic limbs and built-in life support. Significantly, Darth Vader’s last request is for Luke to remove his mask, so that Vader may see Luke directly, without the technological filter. Proving that the simplistic life is th e best to have and not to let the eye candy of life control your life because the technology is the eye candy and the simple life is the nature. These two stories are great parallels of each otherShow MoreRelatedThe Four Characters Of Beowulf And Modern Day Heros738 Words   |  3 Pagesmore direct approach than Beowulf. For example, he rips Grendel’s arm right out of its socket! He also shows moral strength by being champion of the values of his society. There are also some other things that can differentiate two types heros. The first the type that sees killing as the only solution to a problem, and the second is one that sees killing as the last possible option and tries to resolve the situation diplomatically. This is what mainly contrasts Beowulf from modern day heroes suchRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesEffect: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · patriotism grows instills pride creates common agreement about issues shows differences between Americans and Europeans Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · tells readers how to interpret what they are reading to encourage Revolutionary War support instructive in values American Renaissance/Romanticism period of American Literature - 18001855 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · writing that can be interpreted 2 ways, on the surface for common folk or in depth for philosophical readers senseRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Road 3871 Words   |  16 PagesGeorge Orwell, â€Å"The Time Machine† by H.G. Wells and â€Å"A Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley are all novels of the dystopian genre, that explore a post-apocalyptic world. The genre of the post-apocalypse is becoming ever more popular in the post World War Two English speaking world. The authors of these novels I feel, have a very distinct voice and style they create themselves to explore this world. A recent novel that really struck me as a novel in which the writer creates a unique tone in which toRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagespress, books were rare and precious (Bingham and Scholt 1980). Amusing books written specifically for children would have been economically and psychologically impossible (Townsend 1996). Children would probably have listened t o adult works such as Beowulf, Song of Roland, El Cid, King Arthur, and Robin Hood. Children and adults also enjoyed folk tales and literature rich with fantasy and imagination, as myth was the way they made sense of their world. While there were no manuscripts devoted specifically

The Movie The Hammer - 779 Words

Before watching the movie the â€Å"The Hammer† I didn’t know what to expect. I had never seen a deaf movie before and I wasn’t sure if I was going to be able to understand the movie completely. Watching the movie wasn’t as hard as I expected it to be, and I enjoyed it. The best part about it was that it’s based on the true story about Matthew â€Å"The Hammer† Hamill. The movie starts off by introducing a little boy named Matt. We find out that Matt is completely deaf. His grandfather doesn’t take the new lightly and is slightly in denial on the fact that his grandson is deaf. The baby’s mother talks about deaf schools and teaching the boy sign language. The grandfather doesn’t believe in those kind of institutions and believes his†¦show more content†¦His senior year of high school he applies to only two major colleges; Purdue University and Rochester Institute of Technology, he was accepted into both. He and his grandfather had dreams of him going to Purdue and playing on their wrestling team; he didn’t think he’d get in. RIT was out of the question but with his mother’s encouragement he applied as well. While at his first year at Purdue, he struggled. He only knew how to read lips, and the large fast pace classrooms were too much to handle. Although he had an interpreter in all his classes, it was useless. He barely knew any sign language and his grades were affected by his inability to comprehend what the professors where saying. Eventually he was kicked off the wrestling team due to his grades. This scene in the movie made me realize that Deaf people could not only read lips, but they should all learn how to sign as well. Sign Language is a universal method of communication between Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing people. The next year he took up RIT’s offer and attended that fall. It was as if RIT was a whole new world for him. There wa s a large community of Deaf people that attended the school. Almost everyone on campus, Deaf or not, was able to Sign. At first it was hard for him to communicate with other Deaf students because English was his first and only language at the time; he knew how to sign, but very little. With the helpShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Hammer 863 Words   |  4 Pages The movie, The Hammer, tells the story of a Deaf boy, Matt Hamill, who grows up to become the first Deaf wrestler to win the NCAA Wrestling Championship and accomplishes this three years in a row. The movie is an inspiring true story of what Matt Hamill experiences throughout his childhood and adolescence as a Deaf person living in a hearing world. Furthermore, the film gives the hearing culture an idea of what it is like to be Deaf and the trials and tribulations that some Deaf people face. ThereRead MoreDr. Horrible and Situationalism in Dr. Horrible ´s Sing-Along Blog849 Words   |  4 PagesWhen most people think about a movie with super heroes and villain they think of a movie about the hero defeating the villain. Dr. Horrible’s Sing-Along Blog is not one of those movies. In this movie we see that the main focus is on the villain Billy aka Dr. Horrible. This movie is about him trying to get into the evil league of evil, or ELE, which is a group of the most evil villains in this world, but also he is trying to get the love of his life, Penny, to fall in notice him. The first time sheRead MoreMisconception of the God of Lighting Marvels Version1610 Words   |  7 Pagesdescription of a blonde blue-eyed god, carries an electric hammer that can crush mountains and flies the god through the air, and talks in an old English Shakespeare speaking? That would be the famous Norse God of Lighting, Thor, or at least in the Marvels version he is like that in the movi e Thor. Marvels version of Norse Mythology is actually different from the actual mythology which results a misconception of the myth to the people who watch the movie Thor. People sometime believe that Marvels versionRead MoreThor Hero Archetype1674 Words   |  7 PagesPeyton Wineski Mrs. Fleming English 1025-i02 24 October 2017 Thor The Hero In the movie Thor, made in 2011, the main character and beholder of the â€Å"Mjolnir† Thor Odinson is the Asgardian God of thunder. He is the controller of the storms, causing rain, wind, thunder, and lightning whenever he wants, using his magical hammer, the â€Å"Mjolnir†. Thor displays the hero archetype by showing heart, bravery, and caring for others when he is able to overcome all of the obstacles thrown his way by his fatherRead MoreRita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption1218 Words   |  5 Pagesget him a rock hammer. Red is a little suspicious at first, thinking this may be a lethal object (which it is). However he understands Andys request a little more when the hammer arrives. Andy used the hammer to shape himself rocks he finds in the exercise yard. He is aiming to complete an entire chess set. Andy and Red develop a very respectful friendship. After some time Andy comes into the movie theatre and asks Red to get him a poster of Rita Hayworth, who appears on the movie screen that RedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Theft Of Thors Hammer1034 Words   |  5 PagesIn the myth â€Å"The Theft of Thor’s Hammer†, it is more of a straightforward story rather than one with multiple problems and solutions. Thor lost his hammer, Loki finds it with the frost giant Thrym, then they make a deal and he gets it back (with some little things scattered about in the middle). This myth shows feminist, anthropological, and psychological approaches through different parts of the myth, short as it is. In society, myths are used to tell stories. Stories that either are used just forRead MoreThe Mythology Of Norse Mythology1659 Words   |  7 Pagesred beard and his hammer. Thor was pulled in a chariot by two goats, whose names were Tanngnoist and Tanngrisnir. Thor’s chariot was a little different than the normal chariot though, his was not rode on the ground, Thor rode his in the sky. Whenever there was a storm coming, you could hear the sound of his chariot and sometimes you could hear his two goats with it, too.This usually happened when Thor was fighting the Frost Giants, which were a nemesis of the Norse Gods. His hammer, Mjollnir, was whatRead More Rhetorical Analysis of The Shawshank Redemption Essay798 Words   |  4 Pageseffective methods that displayed signs of hope in such a horrible place. Andy maintained hope by distracting his mind and always staying occupied. Andy was also inspired to survive by helping others find hope in life. The creators of this movie used several effective, and often subtle, methods to illustrate the hope found in Andy and his surroundings. Andy was always portrayed as a clean-cut and well-groomed prisoner with his shirt always buttoned and his hair always combed. This self-respectRead MorePostmodernism Of The Rocky Horror Picture Show1065 Words   |  5 PagesForbidden Planet. The setting of the film its self is a spooky manor and set piece that is almost identical to the sets from Hammer Film Productions such as The Curse of Frankenstein (Terence Fisher, 1957) and the remake of The Old Dark House (William Castle, 1963). When we first meet Dr. Frankenfurter, he suggests that all characters (and audience) â€Å"take in an old Steve Reeves movie† and by the films climax Frankenfurter is dressed like burlesque queen Lili St. Cyr and being carried up an RKO radio towerRead MoreThere Are Many Types Of Conditioning That People Used To1427 Words   |  6 Pagesrate a hammer woul d hit the steel bar and cause him to have fear of the rat and cry every time the hammer struck the steel. Later after a few weeks the kid Albert began to fear the white rat and cry even after the hammer didn’t strike the steel bar. So in this experiment of Pavlov showed that a rat could have a condition response from it even though it was a neutral response at first (McLeod, 2014). For me an example classical condition would be how I run away when I see a scary movie. So when

Companion Animal Behavior and Training Module Free Essays

In the case study, a young adult male cat, neutered and aged between four and five years old, undergoes extreme modifications in behavior in response to the birth of a newborn child to the owner-couple. The domestic short-hair lives in a single-cat household and prior to the birth of the first baby and the baby’s subsequently learning to crawl, the cat made appropriate use of 24-hour outside access, toileting outside in an acceptable fashion. Since the baby in the household learnt to crawl, the cat has started unrinating in the upstairs area of the house and squatting in various different locations. We will write a custom essay sample on Companion Animal Behavior and Training Module or any similar topic only for you Order Now The cat also began grooming excessively. Based on this case study information, several determinations can be made about the causal factors relating to the behavioral issues displayed by the cat. For obvious reasons relating to the general health of the household, the cat’s behavior poses several hazards. One principle explanation for the behavior change, however, is the presence of the first child and the cat’s perception of the child, now mobile and a perceived presence from the cat’s perspective, as a treat to the cat’s perceived territory in the house. The explanation for the behavioral issues rests upon the fact that cats sometimes undertake urine spraying or urine marking because of territorial disputes, during aggressive conflicts, and even during sexual encounters. The spray produced is pungent and designed to ward off potential predators or competitors. In the case study, the cat clearly fields that the child, crawling and thereby presenting what must be a visible threat to the cat, is a predator or a threat of some general kind to the cat’s domination of the household, his territory. The objective of marking the territory is to establish its boundaries and ward off the child. It is classic cat behavior to advertise their presence in a territory by spraying visually conspicuous sites. Since cats naturally look to â€Å"time share† territories, marks enable the cats to space themselves out and prevent unwanted encounters. Cats can identify the urine marks so track can be kept of their neighbours (Hart, 1980a). Spraying serves to bring the male and female together during the breeding season. It is often done at a height convenient for sniffing (Beaver, 1992). Cats that spray urine inside their homes are classically prevented from doing so by neutering. Since the cat in the case study is already neutered, other measures must be undertake to curb the behavior. Most often, spraying is undertaken by reproductively intact males. Females spray as well, but less rarely. In one study conducted by the ASPCA, 77 percent of cats stopped or significantly reduced spraying within six months. Ten percent of male cats neutered before 10 months of age will still spray as adults. In households with numerous cats, at least one cat will likely spray, even if all the cats are neutered (ASPCA, 2007). Cats can become jealous upon the arrival of a new baby and this is particularly since the presence of a new child leaves the parents, the cat’s owners, exhausted and turmoil of a new baby, the cat is often neglected. This creates and exacerbates resentment about the presence of the child. Of course, it should not be ruled out that medical problems could be the cause of the cat’s unusual behavior. At the very least, this must be investigated as a potential cause. Medical problems such as diarrhea, urinary bladder inflammation, and the condition polydipsia or polyuria may promote unusual behavior from the cat. The signs of these problems include soft to watery diarrhea, which may indicate a problem in the small intestine, or mucus visible in the stool, along with blood, which suggests an inflamed colon or colitis. Urinary bladder infections may include FUS, bacterial infection, calculi or bladder stones, and tumors. Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, liver disease, adrenal gland disease, pyometra, and hypercalcemia are all possible medical causes for spraying and urinating in the house (ASPCA, 2007). If the baby were not present in the house it would be viable to note that females in heat, male spraying, other cats outdoors, over-crowding indoors, and the possible presence of testicular tissue remaining and producing low level hormones. Overcrowding, unchained litter, interrupted access to liter boxes, a change in litter type, and the presence of objectionable chemicals may be causing the problem. Psychological stress factors such as moving to a new environment or undergoing a change in routine can leave cats of any age bewildered and under considerable psychological stress. Overall, cats are loners and avoid interactions with other cats, except when with a mate, with young, or if several cats belong to the one household. The area traveled during normal activities is known the home range (Beaver, 1992; Bradshaw, 1992; Thorne, 1992). It is much larger for males than for females (Bradshaw, 1992) and the range may overlap other animals’ ranges (Thorne, 1992). Studies on free-ranging cats (Fox, 1975), showed that cats have a home territory and a home range that consists of places for resting, sunbathing and watching. A network of paths connects places and people may visit them regularly. Cats have an order of dominance in a neighborhood, which depends on time and place. If a low-ranking cat has already entered a narrow passageway and a high-ranking cat enters, the less dominant animal will sit and wait until the way is clear. Cats go to great lengths to avoid meeting another cat on a pathway, and chance face-to-face encounters lead to fighting and chasing and the development of a dominant–subordinate relationship. Subordinate males are pushed around in a dominant male’s home range. They essentially become nomads (Liberg, 1981, cited in Thorne, 1992). If a group of cats is maintained in colony pens, they need to be provided with shelves so they can ‘own’ one and retreat there from other cats (Hart, 1980). The cats work out an arrangement where certain ones use the floor at different times to others. Rubbing may help reinforce social positions, with subordinate individuals generally rubbing more dominant conspecifics (Macdonald, Apps, Carr and Kerby, 1987). The socialization period is the time when all primary social bonds are formed and is the most important period during the cat’s life (Beaver, 1992). Active social con tact with more than one adult cat at some crucial development stage is necessary for an adult cat to adapt later to social living conditions (Bradshaw, 1992). Given this, the lack of socialization with a new infant introduced to a household is going to cause problems and, after official confirmation that there are no medical explanations for the cat’s unusual behavior, the likely best response will involve heavy bonding efforts to help the cat overcome feelings of displacement, in addition to efforts to help the cat to perceive the baby as a non-threat to its territory. SECTION B: To modify the behavior of the cat in the case study, several steps need to be undertaken to ensure that the cause of the problem is properly assessed and to assure that the problem does become resolved as quickly and as efficiently as possible. The first step in the behavioral modification process will be to identify the reasons that they cat is spraying. Presumably, the new baby is the issue, however, it is necessary as a precautionary measure at least to have the cat subjected to a physical examination by a qualified vet. Physical problems can lead to inappropriate urination and spraying and should at least be ruled out before any psychological issues are investigated. To assess the psychological state of the cats it is quite important to begin by discouraging other cats from hanging around outside the home, if there are any signs that cats are doing this. Ideally, one of the various types of commercially available motion-activated devices, such as the Critter Gitterâ„ ¢, the Scarecrowâ„ ¢, or the Scraminalâ„ ¢, serve the function to frighten outdoor cats away. The Scat Matâ„ ¢ and the Sofa Saverâ„ ¢ can be used to keep outdoor cats away from doors and windows if there is evidence that other cats are coming this close to the house (ASPCA, 2007). Although it is not likely that this type of territorial issue is in play in the case study, the cat’s owners would to well to investigate and rule out the possibility. Multiple factors could easily be in play since the cat’s behavior is altered so drastically and since there is evidence that it is only since the new baby began crawling that the cat’s urination and spraying have been a problem. If the cat is spraying in several locations, areas should be made less appealing. Commercially available are such deterrent systems as Ssscatâ„ ¢ may be used and the cat’s owners might also try establishing a different behavioral pattern in the sprayed locations by placing items that stimulate behaviors incompatible with spraying, such as the food dish or toys in the appropriate locations. A litter box may also be placed in each location to try to establish the same change in behavioral pattern. The ultimate treatment objective is to revolve the cat’s sense of insecurity in their home environment. Any form of direct punishment is to be avoided. Punishment simply makes the cat feel more insecure. If the cat has singled out one new person to be the target of marking, as in this case, the baby, it is helpful to have the child present and seeming to participate in the feeding of the cat as a means of establishing trust for the cat. In general cases, it can also be helpful to have family members use the same soaps, shampoos so as to homogenise the group in terms of smells. This stops the cat from singling out one human being for attention. A behavioral modification campaign along these lines can be supported with the use of anxiolytics, tranquilisers, and pheromonatherapy if little or no progress is seen over time. However, these drugs should be given only in combination with behaviour modification and essentially as a last resort, on advisement of a vet. In the case study example, it is highly likely not only that the threat is correctly identified as the new baby and that extra attention given to the cat combined with certain modified methods of feeding, for example, involving the young child, the issues surrounding the urination and spraying should quickly be resolved. REFERENCES. American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals [ASPCA]. 2007. Animal Behavior Center: Cat Behavior. http://www. aspca. org/site/PageServer. Beaver, B. V. 1992. Feline Behavior: A Guide for Veterinarians. W. B. Saunders Company, Sydney. Bradshaw, J. W. S. 1992. The Behavior of the Domestic Cat. C. A. B International UK. Fox, M. W. 1974. Understanding Your Cat. N. Y. : Coward McCann (London). Fox, M. W. 1975. The behaviour of cats. In: The Behaviour of Domestic Animals. Ed. E. S. E. Hafez. Bailliere Tindall. Hart, B. L. 1980a. Feline behaviour: A practitioner monograph. Vet. Practice Publishing Co. , California. Liberg, O. 1981. Predation and social behaviour in a population of domestic cats: an evolutionary perspective. Ph. D thesis, University of Lund, Sweden. Macdonald, P. W. , Apps, P. J. , Carr, G. M. and Kerby, C. , 1987. Social dynamics, nursing coalitions and infanticide among farm cats, Felis catus Advances in Ethology 24, 1–66Thorne, 1992 How to cite Companion Animal Behavior and Training Module, Papers

Question About Save Girl Child free essay sample

Girl Child Is The Future Of Every Nation And India Is No Exception Perseverance and inspiration often leads to privilege but without hard work and dedication theyll be no success. The hardest profession to take in life is being a girl child. Discrimination and discrepancy are two most important factors that hamper the journey of every female from the earliest stage of life. Starting from her presence into her mother’s womb to infancy, childhood and finally to adulthood, she is outnumbered by the male dominating society of the country. writing interrupt service routine in c India is a country where social disadvantage outweighs natural biological advantage of being a girl. A whole range of discriminatory practices including female foeticide, female infanticide, female genital mutilation, son idolization, early marriage and dowry have buried the future of the nation. In India, discriminatory practices have greatly influenced the health and well-being of a girl child, resulting in a higher mortality rate. We will write a custom essay sample on Question About Save Girl Child or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is believed that every year 12 million girls are born in the country but unfortunatelyonly 1/3 of those survive. Some are killed in the womb, some at the time of birth, some die due to ill health and some due to poor nutritional status. Only a few numbers of girls are able to survive till their 15th birthday. Female feticide and infanticide are the most popular social evils prevailing in the country. This evil is the outcome of poverty, illiteracy and gender discrimination. The country fails to understand, how a mother can be so ruthless and vulnerable. It is said that God created mothers because He could not be present everywhere. Its unbelievable to realize that a God’s representative is continuously killing someone beautiful even before she can come out and see the beauty of nature. It’s painful to confess that the trend still exists in various parts of the country. States like Maharashtra, Haryana, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Punjab are most popular for practicing female foeticide and infanticide. Poverty, gender discrimination and son preference

Airtel free essay sample

Company profile of Airtel Indias largest and worlds third largest cellular service provider with more than 82 million subscribers –Bharti Airtel is a merger between Bharti Group and Airtel it’s a well know Ned brand in India as well as Asia . Owned by Mr. Sunil Bharti Mittal, Telecom giant Bharti Airtel is the flagship company of Bharti Enterprises. The Bharti Group has a diverse business portfolio and has created global brands in the telecommunication sector. Bharti has recently forayed into retail business as Bharti Retail Pvt. Ltd. under a MoU with Wal-Mart for the cash carry business.It has successfully launched an international venture with EL Rothschild Group to export fresh agri-products exclusively to markets in Europe and USA and has launched Bharti AXA Life Insurance Company Ltd under a joint venture with AXA, world leader in financial protection and wealth management. Airtel comes to you from Bharti Airtel Limited, India’s largest integrated and the first private telecom services provider with a footprint in all the 23 telecom circles. We will write a custom essay sample on Airtel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bharti Airtel since its inception has been at the forefront of technology and has steered the course of the telecom sector in the country with its world class products and services.The businesses at Bharti Airtel have been structured into three individual strategic business units (SBU’s) Mobile Services, Airtel Teliemedia Services Enterprise Services. The mobile business provides mobile fixed wireless services using GSM technology across 23 telecom circles while the Airtel Telemedia Services business offers broadband telephone services in 95 cities and has recently launched Indias best Direct-to-Home (DTH) service, Airtel digital TV.The Enterprise services provide end-to-end telecom solutions to corporate customers and national ; international long distance services to carriers. All these services are provided under the Airtel brand. Bharti Airtel offers GSM mobile services in all the 23-telecom circles of India and is the largest mobile service provider in the country, b ased on the number of customers. The group offers high speed broadband internet with a best in class network. With Landline services in 95 cities we help you stay in touch with your friends ; family and the world.Get world class entertainment with India’s, best direct to home (DTH) service, digital TV in more than 150 cities. 1. Enterprise Services- provides a broad portfolio of services to large Enterprise and Carrier customers. This division comprises of the Carrier and Corporate business unit. Enterprise Services is regarded as the trusted communications partner. 2. Diverse business portfolio Mr. Sunil Bharti believes and adopts strategy of diversification, they always come with new product in new area like mobile, land line, DTH, and broad band. 3.

Character Analysis of All Quiet on the Western f essays

Character Analysis of All Quiet on the Western f essays World War I (1914-1918) was called The Great War because until that time, there had never been a more destructive war on such a global level. Erich Maria Remarques All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel set during this Great War, centers around the changes brought on by war in one young, German soldier. During his time in the war, Paul Baumer, the narrator and protagonist, changes from a rather innocent Romantic to a hardened and fairly caustic veteran soldier. Before the war, Paul and his comrades were fresh from school, full of hopes and dreams for their future. Their teachers and parents told, passionately at times, about the glory and honor of war to persuade them to enlist in the war effort. Baumer states that teachers always carry their feelings ready in their waistcoat pockets, and trot them out by the hour. Parents, too, were not reluctant to use words to shame their sons into enlisting. At that time even ones parents were ready with the word coward. "We're no longer young men. We've lost any desire to conquer the world... we believe in the war". Paul said this about himself and his comrades. This was their mentality after horrifying experiences on the front lines. Seeing the friends he grew up with dying had an initial negative effect, but there was nothing he could do about their deaths. There was no reason dwelling on it, because, After all, war is war. The change in Paul is most evident by his time on leave in his hometown. He figures that speaking to anyone there is impossible. His military experiences and the home front settlers' limited, or nonexistent, understanding of the war do not allow for a discussion. When he arrives home and sees his mother, he realizes that he has nothing to say to her, or his family. "We say very little and I am thankful she asks nothing." The fact that he does not want to speak with his parents shows the ...

Kid-Friendly Elephant Toothpaste Demo

Kid-Friendly Elephant Toothpaste Demo The elephant toothpaste demo is one of the most popular chemistry demonstrations, in which a steaming tube of foam keeps erupting from its container, resembling a smooshed tube of elephant-sized toothpaste. The classic demo uses 30% hydrogen peroxide, which is not safe for kids, but there is a safe version of this demonstration that is still very cool. Materials Empty 20-ounce plastic bottle (or other container)3% hydrogen peroxide solution (available at nearly any store)Packet of active yeast (from the grocery store)Liquid dishwashing detergent (such as Dawnâ„ ¢)Warm waterFood coloring (optional, but it looks nice) Make Elephant Toothpaste Pour 1/2 cup hydrogen peroxide solution, 1/4 cup dishwashing soap, and a few drops of food coloring into the bottle. Swish the bottle around to mix the ingredients. Set the bottle in a sink or outdoors or some other place where you wont mind getting wet foam everywhere.In a separate container, mix a packet of active yeast with a little warm water. Give the yeast about 5 minutes to activate before proceeding to the next step.When you are ready to do the demo, pour the yeast mixture into the bottle. The reaction occurs immediately upon the addition of the yeast. How It Works Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a reactive molecule that readily decomposes into water (H2O) and oxygen: 2H2O2 → 2H2O O2(g) In this demonstration, yeast catalyzes the decomposition so it proceeds much more rapidly than normal. Yeast need warm water to reproduce, so the reaction wont work as well if you use cold water (no reaction) or very hot water (which kills the yeast.) The dishwashing detergent captures the oxygen that is released, making foam. Food coloring can color the film of the bubbles so you get colored foam. In addition to being a nice example of a decomposition reaction and a catalyzed reaction, the elephant toothpaste demo is exothermic, so heat is produced. However, the reaction just makes the solution warmer, not hot enough to cause burns. Christmas Tree Elephant Toothpaste You can easily use the elephant toothpaste reaction as a holiday chemistry demonstration. Just add green food coloring to the peroxide and detergent mixture and pour the two solutions into a Christmas tree-shaped container. A good choice is an Erlenmeyer flask because it has a cone shape. If you dont have access to chemistry glassware, you can make a tree shape by inverting a funnel over a glass or making your own funnel using paper and tape (which you could decorate, if you like.) Comparing the Original Reaction With the Kid-Friendly Recipe The original elephant toothpaste reaction, which uses a much higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide, can cause both chemical burns and thermal burns. While it produces a larger amount of foam, its not safe for kids and should be performed only by an adult using proper safety gear. From a chemistry perspective, both reactions are similar, except the kid-safe version is catalyzed by yeast, while the original demonstration is usually catalyzed using potassium iodide (KI). The kids version uses chemicals that are safe for children to touch. The lower concentration of peroxide can still discolor fabrics. Care should be taken to avoid ingestion because the project includes detergent, which can cause vomiting. Key Takeaways The elephants toothpaste chemistry demonstration produces heated foam when chemicals are mixed.The original demonstration results from decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by potassium iodide. Detergent solution captures gases to form the foam. The kid-friendly version uses a lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide, with the decomposition catalyzed by yeast.While both versions of the reaction may be performed for a young audience, the original version uses concentrated hydrogen peroxide, which is a strong oxidizer, and potassium iodide, which may not be readily available.The kid-friendly version uses chemicals that are safe for children to touch, in case of a splash.As with all chemistry demonstrations, adult supervision is recommended. Sources Dirren, Glen; Gilbert, George; Juergens, Frederick; Page, Philip; Ramette, Richard; Schreiner, Rodney; Scott, Earle; Testen, May; Williams, Lloyd. Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry. Vol. 1. University of Wisconsin Press, 1983, Madison, Wis.Elephants Toothpaste. University of Utah Chemistry Demonstrations. University of Utah.

Delegating Responsibilities Is the Key to Effective Management Assignment - 1

Delegating Responsibilities Is the Key to Effective Management - Assignment Example This study outlines that delegating ensures that the manager has adequate time for other responsibilities such as monitoring progress, supervision, and decision-making. According to Dubrin, delegation helps the manager to delegate tasks that are low priority and not urgent, which give the manager adequate time to accomplish high priority projects that have short deadlines. The delegation also assists the manager in completing tasks at a faster pace. For example, if the manager is undertaking a project that requires research, he can delegate portions of the research topic to the employees. The employees can perform the research while he concentrates on analyzing the findings, drawing conclusions and making the decisions. Similarly, when undertaking a project, the group is able to complete the project swiftly because the manager breaks down the work and assigns it to different people ensuring that the project gets done quickly and the team can move on to another project. From this paper, it is clear that delegation ensures that the team undertakes more projects which increases productivity. During the delegation process, the manager must pair a task to the individual that can perform it best. For instance, the task to analyze media content about the company cannot be assigned to an individual that hardly has an online presence. Similarly, it would be a waste of time to ask the head of the IT department to complete that task. However, a young intern would be enthusiastic about spending their day online analyze the citing or media appearances of the company online. Matching an individual with the correct skills for the correct task increases the productivity level because everyone produces the best results for the assigned task.

Use of 3D glasses in cinemas Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of 3D glasses in cinemas - Research Paper Example Cinema, as we have them in modernity today, has had its share of evolution ever since film was invented. If they were once merely dark theatres with images projected on the screen, they have now become a luxurious avenue to provide utmost entertainment.Although many of these trends have arrived in the more recent years, the use of three-dimensional (3D) glasses in cinemas had been present in the 1950s. Also, such trend is only a recurring gimmick to attract movie goers, not necessarily giving viewers the â€Å"perfect† movie experience. Binocular Vision and 3D History Stereoscopy, or 3D imaging, began with Charles Wheatstone’s discovery of binocular vision or stereopsis, defined as â€Å"the ability to use the combined points of view from the two eyes or cameras to reconstruct three-dimensional solid objects and to perceive depth,† (Mataric 114) which is the backbone principle of stereoscopic cinemas.A brief history of stereoscopic cinema as presented by Ronfard is adapted in this paper. In the 1950s, movie theater audience was significantly reduced in the emergence of the television (TV), and stereoscopic cinema became an approach to bring them back. Thus, this caused the emergence of a flock of commercial stereoscopic films during the decade, but eventually died down because of the discomfort it gives the audience. 3D movies could not surpass the value of two-dimensional (2D), because the visual quality and cinematographic content of the former, brought about by lack of mastery in stereoscopic filming techniques therefore giving viewers a headache. The 1980s was again bombarded with stereoscopic films, but was not successful as well, not until technology needed to produce quality stereoscopic films, both for shooting and viewing, arrived. Animated movies in 3D then came with lower visual strain to viewers, paving a way for new experiments on the field. Thus, this period became 3D’s rebirth, giving us what we now have today (12-14). 3D Glasses There are two most commonly used types of 3D glasses: anaglyph and polarized. Anaglyph process uses colors to encode depth, thus it can be presented with a single color print and red and blue-filtered glasses (Kennel 157). These glasses would filter out red on one lens, and blue on the other lens, creating the 3D effect similar to that in binocular vision. Anaglyphic encoding is the cheapest of all 3D systems, the most largely distributed and available, and efficient in black-and-white 3D used in depth placement and correction (Mendiburu 56). Modern types of 3D glasses are polarized glasses, nowadays used in films as well as in theme parks and rides. When using these types of glasses, â€Å"two images are projected through different polarization filters onto a surface that reflects the light toward viewers, keeping the polarization of the incoming light (mostly) unmodified† (Mrak, Grgic, and Kunt 394). Polarized glasses have been adjusted according to linear or ci rcular polarization, where the latter is preferred in order to see the same image quality despite head position changes of the viewers. An advantage of this type of glasses is its ability to block the bright glare of horizontally polarized light by transmitting it to the surface and permits vertically polarized light, which are weaker, to pass (Raymer 254). 3D Films as Gimmick Audiences are important because they are the reason a film is made, and audience size and reaction often convey the success or failure of a media product (Rayner, Wall and Kruger). In viewing media as a source of entertainment, it has given us a number of innovations that would change our media experience, particularly with the invention of film and the genius of television. In this point, 3D film viewing is presented as merely a gimmick, and not as a necessity in order to create an extraordinary movie experience that surpasses 2D. As mentioned

The Life and Work of Gustave Courbet

The Life and Work of Gustave Courbet Courbet was born in Ornans, France. Ornans is a small village near the Swiss frontier. The Alpine foothills cross the area with tree filled slopes and cliffs rising above them. Streams also flow above and below ground in the region. (Mack) 3. Note any information you were able to find on the parents of the artist. Gustave Courbet s father, Regis Courbet, was a wealthy landowner. He owned fields and vineyards that covered much land in the area of Flagery, which was a village about eight miles from Ornans. Courbet s family had homes in both villages. Regis Courbet loved the nature around his properties, and was a gregarious and inventive man. Gustave s mother Sylvie was four years older than her husband, and was the practical one in the family. She not only managed the household, but also the farms and the vineyards. (Mack) 4. Did the artist have any brothers or sisters? Gustave was the only boy and the eldest of five children. His sister Zoe was born in 1824 and was a difficult girl. Zelie, born in 1828 was frail and pious and Juliette, born in 1831, was more like her brother in spirit; conceited and a spinster. Gustave was closet to Juliette and their mutual devotion was never broken. His sister Clarice was born in 1821, but died at the age of 13. He often used his sisters as models. (Mack) 5. What were some of the significant childhood experiences in the early life of the artist? It is significant that Courbet loved nature as a child. He knew every little path, hill, and field in the area so well that he would lead outdoor excursions. During Courbet s time at the seminary, according to his confessor, the number and kind of sin he confessed were considerably greater than other children of the same age. (Mack) 6. Note any information on the education of the artist. When Courbet was young, he appeared to be a promising student. At the age of twelve, he entered and spent six years at the seminary at Ornans. Courbet refused to study or take part in religious instruction. His essays were so entertaining that the teacher would save his for last. Original composition was the exception to his poor academic record at the seminary. Nevertheless, his father wanted Gustave prepared for a profession such as the law. (Mack) When Courbet was fourteen, Gros, a teacher from Ornans and former student of the Neo-Classical painter introduced him to painting. (Museum dOrsay, Paris) In 1837, when Gustave was eighteen, his father sent him to a near-by college to study philosophy. Gustave complained about everything to his parents and wanted to leave, but his father wouldn t allow it. Finally, in 1840, Gustave left college without taking any of his final exams. He moved to Paris studied Spanish, Flemish and French painters on his own. Gustave s father disapproved, and tension grew between them. However, his father continued to send Gustave an allowance. From Paris, he returned regularly to Ornans to visit his family and to enjoy the landscape that inspired many of his paintings. (Mack) 7. What was the artist s early career like? Was it as an artist or was it in another field? Except for a short employ or internship at the studio of Steuben and Hesse in Paris, none of the sources I used mentioned Courbet doing any other work besides producing art. During his first four or five years in Paris, he produced many paintings. Courbet was conflicted as far as style and spent most of the time painting romantic and literary subjects. He complained to his parents about the high cost of producing art, but as far as making money on his own, he thought that would hinder his ability to produce art. (Mack) (This section is worth 20 points.) Young Adult Life and Artistic Beginnings 1. Did the artist marry? If so, note any information on the marriage. Courbet never married, but had a mistress with whom he had a child in 1847. The mistress left with the child in the early 1850s. There were many women in his life, but his relations with them were mostly physical. (Mack) 2. Did the artist have children? If so, note any information on the children. See question 2. 3. What were the artist s early experiences as an artist? Courbet s first works in Paris were Odalisque inspired from a poem by Victor Hugo, and Lelia from a novel by George Sands. According to Gerstle Mark, author of Gustave Courbet, These early works were rigid, wood like, and sometimes sentimental. (Mack) He painted his only commissioned altarpiece for the church of the local parish in 1847. He didn t gain much attention until he embraced realism in 1849; before that, he relied on the submission of paintings to the Salon, where few were accepted each year. (Gowing) 4. What were the significant early works of art and what were they like? The first painting of Courbet s that was accepted to the Salon exhibition was Self-portrait with the Black Dog in 1844. Gustave is cloaked in black holding a pipe, with a book and walking stick nearby, and he is holding his new dog; a black spaniel. Posed on a hill or cliff, his up-close form takes up a good part of the canvas. He is young and handsome and has a prideful look on his face; it looks like he is trying to appear clever. (Mack) See Highlights section, question 10, for others. (This section is worth 20 points.) Historical Information 1. What major historical events took place around the world during the time the artist was alive? Give 2 3 significant historical events for each continent. a. Europe 1) In July of 1830, there was an uprising of the middle classes against King Charles attempt at absolutist monarchy. King Charles gave up the throne and fled. 2) Queen Victoria took the British throne in 1837 and ruled until her death in 1901. In 1861. 3) Russian Czar Alexander II abolished serfdom in the Russian empire. This was a result of pressure by progressive groups in Russia. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) b. Asia 1) In 1839, the first Anglo-Afghan war began. The British wanted to protect their colony of India. 2) Hong Xiuquan led the Taiping Rebellion in China from 1851 through 1866. Impoverished peasants believed that he was Jesus younger brother, and sent as their savior. c. Africa 1) In 1830, the French occupied Algeria. Abd al-Qadir, led a resistance to the French occupation until he was exiled in 1847. 2) In 1838, Sir James Alexander produced an academic study of the rock paintings and engravings found throughout southern Africa called An Expedition of Discovery into the Interior of Africa: Through the Hitherto Undescribed Countries of the Great Namaquas, Boschmans, and Hill Damaras, Performed under the Auspices of Her Majestys Government and the Royal Geographic Society. He concludes that the works are images that reflect the life and culture of the indigenous San peoples. d. North America 1) The United States Civil War took place between 1861 and 1865. 2) The United States Indian Removal Act of 1830 was an attempt to get Indians that lived east of the Mississippi River to give up their land and move west. This led to the final Trail of Tears march whereby 18,000 Cherokee were marched out of their land to Oklahoma; the conditions were so bad, that 4,000 died on the trail. 3) In 1848, gold was discovered in the Sierra Nevada foothills, and as a result, more than 80,000 migrants arrived in California. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) e. South America 1) Spanish rule ended in Central and South America in 1824 after the defeat of the Spanish at Ayacucho, Peru. 2) In 1852, Dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas was driven from Buenos Aires. Afterwards, the Argentine Federalist constitution was established. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Timeline (This section is worth 20 points.) Historical Information on the Style 6. What style did the artist work in? He first painted in the Romantic and Neoclassic style of the late 1700s and early 1800s. Courbet s mature style was Realism. He coined the term, after his critics had used the word derogatively about his work. Many people thought his work was too real, and depressing. (PBS) 7. Describe the significant characteristics of this style. In art, Realism is associated with works that show the artist s perception of real life, and the experiences of human beings in the here and now. Courbet s paintings are concerned with regular people in the midst of everyday circumstances. Rather than painting from memory, he was one of the first artists to complete his landscape paintings outdoors. (Frank) Realism focuses on modern subjects and the lives of the lower classes. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) To Courbet, Realism was not perfection. Instead, he was spontaneous and rough with the application of the paint while he portrayed the irregularities in nature. Observers of his art thought he purposefully painted ugly things. He used his popularity to write essays about democratic and socialist ideas. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) 8. Name some of the other artists who worked in this style. Our textbook points out that Rosa Bonheur and Thomas Eakins painted in the style of Realism in the 19th century. According to the gustavecourbet.org website, Honore Daumier and Jean-Fran ois Millet were also considered realist artists in the mid 1800s. (Frank) 9. Where and when did this style occur? Because the PBS website credits Courbet for first using the term Realism, I would say the style, termed Realism, began in France. It was around the middle of the 19th century, during times of civil unrest in France, that Realism replaced Romanticism in many works of art (PBS) The chronology Realism goes from the 1840s through the early 1900s with Impressionism and Post-Impressionism overlapping from around the 1860s to 1925. (Gowing) In the mid 1800s, the realist movement was known as Verismo in Tuscany and Naples, Italy. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Timeline Highlights of Artistic Career 10. What were some of the highlights of the artistic career of the artist? After his first Salon exhibit in 1844, Courbet needed more money to produce his work. His father denied him an increase in allowance, but Gustave received a financial windfall when a Dutchman purchased some of his works and created a market for him in Holland and Belgium. (Mack) The work Burial at Ornans depicts the funeral of a relative in September of 1848. This was the first realist style masterpiece. Unlike historical works of this sort, he painted the people in attendance instead of hiring models or actors. Unique to this work was its large size of 10 by 22 feet, and its religious and ritual subject matter usually reserved for religious and royal subjects. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) On exhibit with Burial at Ornans in 1850-51, was The Stonebreakers (1849) and The Peasants of Flagery Returning from the Fair (1850). Burial itself was startling in its size and subject matter, but the public believed that Courbet was satirizing social values with the other two paintings. Courbet had embraced socialist ideals, but what he was really trying to do was to paint reality. From this point on, he gained attention from critics, some loved his work, and others despised it. For the rest of his life he found himself in the public eye. (Mack) Courbet established a Federation of Artists in April of 1870 for the free and uncensored expansion of art. Members included Andre Gill, Honore Daumier, Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, Eugene Pottier, Jules Dalou, and Edouard Manet. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) Because Courbet refused the Legion of Honor award from Napoleon III, he became popular with those that opposed the current government. In 1871, revolutionaries put Courbet in charge of saving all the works from Paris art museums from looting mobs. While doing so, he had people destroy the Vendome Column for which he was sentenced to six months in prison and to pay the costs of rebuilding the column. Courbet fled to Switzerland to avoid bankruptcy. He died there, at age 58, of liver disease due to heavy drinking before he could make his first payment. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) 11. List any awards, honors and/or exhibitions of her/his art work. At the Salon of 1849, Courbet received a gold medal for After Dinner at Ornans. In 1870, Courbet rejected an award from the Legion of Honor. He positioned himself as free from any form of government. In the 1850s, Courbet exhibited some paintings set in his village of Ornans, France at the Salon. The paintings reflected everyday life and people in the village. This realistic style of painting upset many people because it was usually reserved for the recording of history. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) After the Paris International Exhibition rejected A Burial at Ornans and The Artsist s Studio in 1855, Courbet built his own pavilion and held an exhibition of his work. (Gowing) In 1853, Courbet decided he would paint a series of works of nude women, but the Salon rejected those Courbet submitted for indecency. Finally, the Salon accepted Woman with a Parrot in 1860. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) In 1882, the cole des Beaux-Arts held an exhibit of his works. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) In 2008, the Metropolitan Museum of Art exhibited approximately 130 of Courbet s works including the 1850s seminal manifesto paintings and those of Ornans and his friends and family. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Prior to that, the exhibition called The Born Rebel Artist began in 2007 at the Grand Palais and Musee Fabre in France. (Gustave Courbet; The Complete Works ) 12. Briefly discuss several significant works by the artist. Name the works and tell a little about each. Stone Breakers 1849 Stone Breakers is an example of the one paintings that established Courbet as a realist artist. The men are ordinary workers. Courbet is not making any religious, romantic, or symbolic statements. When this piece was exhibited at the Salon in Paris in 1850, many people, expecting to see beautiful artwork, were shocked at what they thought to be ugly and socialistic paintings. (Frank) Stone Breakers is now lost. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Nude Woman Reclining 1852 In this work, Courbet presents a painting of a nude woman asleep. She is wearing nothing but white stockings; one shoe on, and the other stocking loose on her leg. It looks like she is sleeping on purple drapery in the early evening hours. This is one of several nude paintings of women where Courbet s portrays real women including the reality of body hair. This and The Origin of the World were owned by a Hungarian collector in 1862, but were stolen from his bank vault during World War II. After the war, the baron tracked down The Origin of the World, but Nude Woman Reclining was lost. It had made its way to a Soviet soldier who carried it, rolled up, into Slovakia, and gave it as a gift to a doctor. Years passed and the doctor died. In 2003, the doctor s family tried to sell it at an auction house, and it was eventually recovered for a $706,000 reward to the family. Its worth was estimated at around $15 million. (The Associated Press) After Dinner at Ornans 1848 This is the work was the first in Courbet s series of paintings that were meant to depict real life in his home village of Ornans. Like Stone Breakers, it upset the public, as they relied on art to be uplifting and beautiful. This painting is of four men that have just finished dinner. The scene is low key; showing how it may have really been after a big dinner. A couple of them are playing musical instruments, which would be like having TV on in the background after dinner today. Also disturbing to people was Courbet s course and unrefined brushwork. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Woman with a Parrot 1866 Today, Courbet s Woman with a Parrot is located at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Unlike some of his other nudes that the Salon rejected, Courbet covers the woman s genitals by a white drape, and doesn t reveal any body hair. The woman gazes contentedly at a parrot that sits on her raised hand. Aside from some who thought her hair was too messy, the public loved the painting when they saw it at the Salon exhibition of 1866. It was slightly risqu , but similar to the Venus types of paintings people were used to seeing there. Some of his supporters however, though he had sold out. In Courbet s mind, he had pulled one over on the Salon. (Schjeldahl) The Painters Studio: A Real Allegory Summing up a Seven-Year Phase of My Artistic Life 1855 This painting, along with Burial at Ornans, was rejected for exhibit by the jury of the Paris International Exhibition Exposition in 1855. Courbet decided to set up his own exhibition called the Pavilion of Realism where his showed The Painter s Studio along with around forty other paintings. The work is comprised of thirty life-size figures, and is divided into three parts. According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art website, Courbet describes the work as on the left side shows the world of commonplace life, with a priest, a hunter, a worker, and a Republican of 1793. On the right are the people who serve me, support me in my ideas, and take part in my actions. And in the center, Courbet painted himself in a landscape with a nude model and a little boy on either side. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) The Wounded Man 1844-1854 Many of Courbet s early works were self-portraits. In this painting, he appears wounded; as if he was in a sword fight or in battle. Either way, it looks he has likened himself to someone who stood up for something and is dying for it. The real story was, according to the Museum d Orsay website, is that painted it in 1844, and reworked it ten years later after a love affair had ended. Originally, a woman was leaning on his shoulder; he replaced her with a sword and added the blood in 1854. (Museum dOrsay, Paris) Sources Cited Art Renewal Center. Ed. Sherry Ross. ARC Advisory Board. October 2010 . Frank, Patrick. Prebles Artforms; An Introduction to the Visual Arts. 9th. Upper Saddle River: Pearson; Prentice Hall, 2009. Gowing, Sir Lawrence, ed. A Biographical Dictionary of Artists. New York: Facts on File, 1995. Gustave Courbet; the Complete Works. October 2010. . Mack, Gerstle. Gustave Courbet; A Biography. Cambridge and New York: Da Capo Press, 1951. Museum dOrsay, Paris. October 2010 . PBS. 1999. WGBH Educational Foundation. October 2010 . Schjeldahl, Peter. Painting by Numbers. The New Yorker Online 30 July 2007: http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/books/2007/07/30/070730crbo_books_schjeldahl?current. Strickland, Carol. The Annotated Mona Lisa. Kansas City: Andrews and McMeel; A Universal Press Syndicate Company, 1992. The Associated Press. Courbet s Nude Woman Reclining Recovered. msnbc.com 12 10 2007: http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/21269272. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Ed. Philomena Mariani. October 2010 .